Study objectives: An International Roundtable of infectious disease experts reviewed regional differences in approaches to healthcare-associated bacteraemia reduction, assessed the drug delivery system’s role, and made best practice recommendations.

Results: Bloodstream infection (BSI) surveillance and clinical management practices vary greatly within and between nations, particularly between economically developed and low income countries. The solution is not to impose a single standard since actions that reduce BSIs and their optimal sequence also differ by a region’s economic development level.

Conclusion: Education improves BSI rates most where rates are catastrophic; however, reducing already low rates requires more than education. Consequently, technology’s greatest impact will be when drug delivery systems are already quite improved. The participants made seven recommendations.